1. Dunlop Moore,
“Wine”, in Philip Schaff,
A Religious Encyclopedia of Biblical, Historical, Doctrinal and Practiced Theology (Chicago, 1887), vol. 3, p. 2537. 동일한 견해가 Kenneth L. Gentry,
The Christian and Alcoholic Beverages (Grand Rapids, 1986), pp. 29-56과 Merrill F. Unger,
Unger’s Bible Dictionary (Chicago, 1970), p. 1168에서 강조되어서 개진되어져 있다. 좀 더 강한 부인이 E. W. Bullinger,
The Companion Bible (London, 1923), appendix 27에 나와 있다.
2. E. W. Bullinger,
The Companion Bible ( London, 1923), appendix 27.
3. Robert P. Teachout,
Wine. The Biblical Imperative： Total Abstinence (Published by the author, 1986), p. 22.
4. Frederic Richard Lees and Dawson Burns, The Temperance Bible Commentary (London, 1894), p. xxxvii에서 인용하였음. 비슷한 정의들이 pp. xxxvi 로부터 xxxviii에 내려져 있음.
5. Charles Wesley Ewing,
The Bible and Its Wines (Denver, 1985), p. 1에 인용되어 있음.
6. 상동., p. 2.
7. Ibid.
8. William Whiston, trans.,
Josephus, Complete Works (Grand Rapids, 1974), p. 48. 1 본문은 Josephus,
Antiquities of the Jews 2, 5, 2에 나온다.
9.
Thesaurus Lingae Latinae (London, 1740), vol. 4, p. 557.
10. Marcus Cato,
On Agriculture 147, 1.
11. Lees and Bums (n. 4), p. xxxvi에서 인용하였음.
12. Pliny,
Natural History 14. 11, 80~85, trans. H. Rackjam,
Pliny Natural History, The Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, I960), pp. 241~243.
13. Lees and Burns (n.4), p. xxxvi에서 인용함.
14. Thomas Aquinas,
Summa Theologica, translated by the Fathers of the English Dominican Province (New York, 1947), part 3, question 74, article 5, p. 2443.
15. Kenneth L. Gentry (n. 1), pp. 45~46.
16. Ibid., p. 46.
17. Aristotle,
Metereologica 384. a. 4, 5.
18. Aristotle,
Metereolgica 338. b. 9~13. 또
Metereologica 388. a. 34도 열을 가해 새 포도 음료가 두텁 게 된다고 말하는데, 이 것은 새 포도 음료를 끓여 줄어 들게 해서 발효되지 않은 상태로 보존하였다는 것을 시사하여 준다.
19. Athenaeus,
Banquet 1, 54.
20. Ibid., 2, 24.
21. Ibid., 6, 89.
22. Lees and Burns (n. 4), p. 198.
23. Cited by Irenaeus,
Against Heresies 5, 33, 3~4, trans. Edgar J. Goodspeed,
The Apostlic Fathers (New York, 1950), p. 263.
24. Lees and Burns (n.4), p. 433에 인용됨.
25. Robert P. Teachout,
“The Use of ‘Wine’ in die Old Testament” (Ph. D. dissertation, Dallas Theological Seminary, 1979), p. 369.
26. P. Oxy. IV. 729 186； ibid., p. 10.
27. Nicander,
Georgica frag. 86, cited by Robert P. Teachout (n. 25), p. 370.
28. Cited by Athanaeus,
Banquet 2. 35.
29. Ernest Gordon,
Christ, The Apostles and Wine. An Exegetical Study (Philadelphia, 1947), p. 14.
30.
The Jewish Encyclopedia, 1906 ed., s. v.
“Wine,” vol. 12, p. 533.
31.
Encyclopedia Judaica, 1971 ed., s. v.
“Wine,” vol. 16, p. 538.
32. Sanhedrin 70a, trans. H. Freedman,
Sanhedrin (London, 1935), vol. 2, p. 476.
33. Cited by Louis Ginzberg,
“A Response to the Question Whether Unfermented Wine May Be Used in Jewish Ceremonies,” American Jewish Year Book 1923, p. 408.
34. Ibid., p. 409.
35. Ibid., p. 410.
36. Robert P. Teachout (n. 25), pp. 349~358.
37. Kenneth L. Gentry (n. 1), pp. 30.
38. Robert P. Teachout (n. 3), p. 37.
39. Ibid., p. 38.
40. Ernest Gordon (n. 29), p. 14.
41. Jimmy L. Albright,
“Wine in the Biblcal World : Its Economic, Social and Religious Implications for New Testament Interpretation” (Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1980), p. 137.
42.
Encyclopedia Biblica, s. v.
“Wine and Strong Drink.” 43. James B. Pritchard,
Gibeon : Where the Sun Stood Still (Princeton, 1962), P. 97.
44. Lees and Bums (n. 4), p. 266.
45. Robert H. Mounce,
The Book of Reflation (Grand Rapids, 1977), p. 155.
46. 그 몇몇 예를 참조하기 위해서는 Lees and Bums의 책을 보라.
47. Anacreon,
Ode 49 and
Ode 51.
(56.1)