This word probably refers to a large group such as a clan, a tribal division. It is also used of a military division. See p. 556.
The registration of God’s people under Moses has its lesson for the church today under Christ. The numbering of His children by name suggests the fact that God knows each of His children personally (2 Tim. 2:19). The divine Shepherd is acquainted with each member of His flock (John 10:3), and the book of life has an eternal meaning for each child of God (Rev. 3:5).
Heads of thousands.
Jethro had suggested to Moses that he take men of authority to help him in his administration (Ex. 18:17, 21);he was now commanded to take men of position, the chief commanders.
Renowned.
Literally, “named” or “called.” It refers to men mentioned with respect by God or fellow men.
Princes.
This title is also given to the spies in ch. 13:2, but there translated “ruler.” These 12 persons were “called,” that is, chosen, to help Moses in carrying out the census.