This is the first use in Scripture of the word
chazon,
“vision,” and the only instance of its use in the two books of Samuel. A comparison of
chazon with
mar’ah, also translated
“vision,” clarifies God’s method of revealing His plans for the salvation of mankind. The word
chazon is from a verb meaning
“to perceive with inner vision,” whereas
mar’ah is derived from a verb meaning
“to see visually.” Both are used interchangeably with
chalom,
“dream.” The word
mar’ah is commonly used in the earlier books of the Bible to describe messages from God to men, either in dreams or by the personal visit of heavenly messengers. As Jacob started on his journey to Egypt (
Gen. 46:2), God spoke to him
“in the visions [mar’ah] of the night.” Jacob felt himself in the divine presence, and the revelation was as real as that received by Abraham when the three angels visited him before the destruction of Sodom (
Gen. 18:2-22). This same kind of divine revelation is also called a dream,
chalom, as when God warned Abimelech regarding Abraham’s wife (
Gen. 20:3-13). At the time of the sedition of Aaron and Miriam, God said,
“If there be a prophet among you, I the Lord will make myself known unto him in a vision [mar’ah], and will speak unto him in a dream [chalom].”