Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites, and of the priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel, for the judgment of the Lord, and for controversies, when they returned to Jerusalem. (2 Chronicles 19:8)
A change in vowel pointing permits this clause to be translated “and they dwelt in Jerusalem.” The LXX implies a further change when it renders the second part of the verse, “and to judge the inhabitants of Jerusalem.” The court here under consideration was a central high tribunal at the nation’s capital which could function in both religious and civil cases (see PK 197).
Chief of the fathers.
These were the heads of families or clans (see Deut. 1:15-17).
Their age and experience would help them to render just and wise decisions.
Of the Levites.
David had previously appointed 6,000 Levites as officers and judges (1 Chron. 23:4). Moses had decreed that priests and Levites should serve as judges (Deut. 17:8, 9).
In Jerusalem.
A superior court or high court of appeal was established in the capital (see on v. 5).